What is abdominal pain or stomach ache?
Abdominal pain is discomfort experienced anywhere in the belly region, between the ribs and pelvis. It can originate from various organs including the stomach, liver, bladder, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, pancreas, and intestines.
What are the main causes of abdominal pain?
Most causes of abdominal pain are short-lived and not serious:
- Digestive issues: indigestion, gas, constipation, diarrhoea, food allergies, food poisoning
- Inflammation: stomach flu, peptic ulcer disease, chronic acid reflux (GERD), urinary tract infections
- Menstrual: cramps and ovulation pain are common causes in women
What are some serious causes of abdominal pain?
Some can indicate serious conditions including appendicitis, gallstones, perforated intestine, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cysts, or certain cancers.
When Should I Seek Immediate Medical Attention?
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
- Sudden and severe abdominal pain — can indicate appendicitis, gallstones, or a perforated intestine
- Abdominal pain accompanied by fever — often points to an infection such as appendicitis or diverticulitis
- Abdominal pain during pregnancy — could indicate an ectopic pregnancy or early labour
- Uncontrolled vomiting and/or diarrhoea lasting more than 24 hours, containing blood, or accompanied by fever
- Localised pain that worsens with movement or touch — can signal inflammation or infection
- Inability to find a comfortable position — if the pain is so significant you cannot lie down, sit up, stand, or walk comfortably
- Abdominal pain with dizziness or shortness of breath — may suggest internal bleeding or severe dehydration
How is abdominal pain treated?
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. For mild cases, home remedies like bowel rest, hydration, heat therapy, and over-the-counter pain relievers can help. For more serious conditions, treatments may include antibiotics, IV fluids, or surgery.
If you experience persistent or recurring abdominal pain, Dr Jonathan Foo at Aeden Health specialises in gastrointestinal and colorectal conditions. Book a consultation at our Mount Elizabeth Orchard or Novena clinic.